Guideline for non-surgical management of chronic primary low back pain in adults in primary and community care settings

This guideline emphasises non-surgical interventions for adults with chronic primary low back pain, which includes education programs to enhance knowledge and self-care, exercise programs, certain physical therapies like spinal manipulative therapy and massage, psychological therapies including cognitive behavioural therapy, and medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The guideline advises against certain interventions like lumbar braces, belts, supports, some physical therapies such as traction, and some medicines, including opioids due to potential harms. The guideline seeks to improve the quality, safety, and availability of care, with a focus on a holistic, person-centered approach that is equitable and non-discriminatory.